Subproject (SP) 6

Project applicant: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Carsten Jürgens, Dipl. Geogr. Maike Reichardt

Title of the subproject (SP): The Acceptance of Precision Agriculture among farmers, advisers, instructors and agritechnological industries in Germany

Shorted title of the SP: The Acceptance of Precision Agriculture

Aim of the SP: The subproject follows the aim of a differentiated analysis of the individual knowledge about PA as well as the identification of the acceptance of PA among farmers, advisers, instructors and agritechnological industries as well as their variation with time

Status of the SP in the joint project: Special field 1 - Integrative Level of the Value Chain. The results of the research can be used for technological development, for public relation work, for apprenticeship and further education as well as for advisory services


Beginning with a pilot study in 1999 including 319 interviewed persons, the representative survey was updated during the Agritechnica 2001 and 2003. The generated database is unique in Germany and also in an international comparison, both in the dimension of the sample size (2001: N = 1742, 2003: N = 2620) and in the complexity of the interviews. Since 2001 it is possible to perform a spatial analysis based upon the postal codes of the interviewed farmers.

The aim of the survey was to monitor how precision farming techniques have entered the German market over time and geographic location. Therefore German farmers have been interviewed during the fair to find out their experience with the new technology and their attitudes towards it. Based on some key questions the responders have been divided in different groups and have been asked group-specific questions (non-informed, informed about PA, informed non-PA users, potential PA users, beginning PA users, PA users).

The surveys  in 1999, 2001 and 2003 indicate that still numerous obstacles exist, which prevent a comprehensive use of the technique. Thus a large number of users mainly apply techniques that provide information regarding their fields (e.g. yield mapping, soil sampling).Only a few farms already use PA techniques that help to react according to the prior information gained (e.g. site-specific seeding, fertilization etc.) (see Figure 1). Numerous well informed and in PA interested farmers have various reasons for hesitation. Most of them say that it is still to expensive to introduce PA on their farms. Many of them want to wait until they realize that PA has proved to be no longer problematic. In addition the results of the survey show that still there are a lot of young farmers in apprenticeship who don’t know what the expression “Precision Agriculture” means. This indicates that there are still a lot of teachers who don’t provide current knowledge. Users still complain about the lack of compatibility between machines of different manufacturers or software problems. It is necessary to identify occurring problems in detail to simplify the compatibility of the hard- and software.

In subproject 6 the results of the surveys will be used to identify the problems of users and obstacles of non-users. The questionnaire for the Agritechnica 2005 and DLG – Field Days 2006 will be modified by the results from the generated database. A further substantial question for subproject 6 is to monitor how PA techniques enter the German market in respect of time and geographic location and to find an explanation for this diffusion. The work in the subproject begins with a detailed statistical interpretation of the generated dataset from the surveys in 1999 to 2003. The analysis of the generated dataset will be achieved with the help of the statistical program SPSS and the geographical information system ArcGis. The results can be used for software development and improvement of the training courses.

In addition to the interviews at the Agritechnica 2005 and the DLG-Field Days 2006 there are plans for telephone interviews with advisers, instructors and representatives of the farm industry. The interviews will also be conducted by a standardized questionnaire. A repeat survey of the advisers is planned for 2006. The results will be used for the revision of the teaching material (subproject 20). Furthermore the participants of the advanced training courses will be interviewed for proving the long-term effects of the courses.

The planned fair-interviews at the Agritechnica 2005 and at the DLG Field-Days 2006 will be conducted by a spontaneous oral interviews of fair visitors. The surveys will be carried out with a digital, standardized questionnaire with closed questions.

Finally the generated dataset will be analyzed with the help of statistical and GIS programs. The information about the internal structure, the extent and the regional differentiation of the farms will be used for research and the practical work. The results will be used to identify factors of influence and pattern of acceptance. Furthermore they help to reinforce theories of spatial-temporal process of diffusion of PA in Germany